Sustainable Alternatives for Tertiary Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this work, different alternatives to conventional tertiary treatment of pulp and paper (P&P) wastewater (WW), i.e., physicochemical coagulation-flocculation, were investigated enhance the environmental economic sustainability industrial treatment. particular, following a preliminary characterization secondary effluents, cloth filtration adsorption studied, former by pilot-scale tests, while latter at laboratory scale. An analysis was finally accomplished verify full-scale applicability most promising technologies. Cloth showed excellent total suspended solids (TSS) removal efficiency (mean 81% removal) but very limited influence on chemical oxygen demand (COD) 10% due prevalence soluble COD particulate COD. Adsorption, instead, led good (50% abatement powdered activated carbon—PAC—dosage 400 mg/L). The proved that would be convenient only if local low-cost (100 €/ton) adsorbent supply chain established. Ultrafiltration considered as well potential alternative: its huge capital cost (19 M€) could recovered in relatively short timeframe (pay-back time 4.7 years) ultrafiltrated effluent sold industries.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Sustainability
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2071-1050']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106047